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Effect of Korean Red Ginseng on Early Vestibular Function Restoration after Unilateral Labyrinthectomy
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Jiyeon Lee, Mi Joo Kim, Gyu Cheol Han
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Res Vestib Sci. 2020;19(3):79-88. Published online September 15, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2020.19.3.79
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 Abstract
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- Objectives
Vertigo is a common condition. Definitive treatment is to induce vestibular compensation. Currently, no medications have been discovered that enhance vestibular functional restoration. The current study was conducted to evaluate the ability of ordinary Korean red ginseng (KRG) to induce vestibular compensation.
Methods
Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. Five rats (KRG group) were fed KRG extract (100 mg/kg) for 2 weeks before undergoing unilateral labyrinthectomy (ULx). The remaining seven rats (control group) were untreated before ULx. After surgery, all animals were housed in the same environment without being fed additional extract. To evaluate vestibular function, gain of the horizontal nystagmus to 0.2 Hz with a peak velocity of 100°/second sinusoidal rotation was compared and analyzed before ULx as well as 3 and 7 days after surgery.
Results
Before the operation, gain of the control and KRG group were 0.81±0.05 and 0.88±0.08, respectively, with 0.2-Hz stimulation. This value decreased to 0.43±0.08 and 0.53±0.08, respectively on 3 days after operation (p=0.047), and it was 0.40±0.06 and 0.68±0.11, respectively on 7 days after surgery. The difference of gain between the two groups was statistically significant at each 3 and 7 days (p＜0.05). By confirming c-Fos protein expression in medial vestibular nuclei, the functional effect of KRG causing vestibular modulation was confirmed.
Conclusions
Rats treated with KRG showed more rapid and complete recovery after acute vestibular loss compared to untreated animals. Therefore, KRG could be one of candidate for the useful medication of vestibular diseases.
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Identification of Vestibular Organ Originated Information on Spatial Memory in Mice
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Gyu Cheol Han, Minbum Kim, Mi Joo Kim
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Res Vestib Sci. 2018;17(4):134-141. Published online December 21, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.4.134
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Abstract
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- Objectives
We aimed to study the role of vestibular input on spatial memory performance in mice that had undergone bilateral surgical labyrinthectomy, semicircular canal (SCC) occlusion and 4G hypergravity exposure.
Methods
Twelve to 16 weeks old ICR mice (n=30) were used for the experiment. The experimental group divided into 3 groups. One group had undergone bilateral chemical labyrinthectomy, and the other group had performed SCC occlusion surgery, and the last group was exposed to 4G hypergravity for 2 weeks. The movement of mice was recorded using camera in Y maze which had 3 radial arms (35 cm long, 7 cm high, 10 cm wide). We counted the number of visiting arms and analyzed the information of arm selection using program we developed before and after procedure.
Results
The bilateral labyrinthectomy group which semicircular canal and otolithic function was impaired showed low behavioral performance and spacial memory. The semicircular canal occlusion with CO2 laser group which only semicircular canal function was impaired showed no difference in performance activity and spatial memory. However the hypergravity exposure group in which only otolithic function impaired showed spatial memory function was affected but the behavioral performance was spared. The impairment of spatial memory recovered after a few days after exposure in hypergravity group.
Conclusions
This spatial memory function was affected by bilateral vestibular loss. Space-related information processing seems to be determined by otolithic organ information rather than semicircular canals. Due to otolithic function impairment, spatial learning was impaired after exposure to gravity changes in animals and this impaired performance was compensated after normal gravity exposure.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Improves Spatial Cognition After Unilateral Labyrinthectomy in Mice
Thanh Tin Nguyen, Gi-Sung Nam, Jin-Ju Kang, Gyu Cheol Han, Ji-Soo Kim, Marianne Dieterich, Sun-Young Oh
Frontiers in Neurology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - The Differential Effects of Acute Right- vs. Left-Sided Vestibular Deafferentation on Spatial Cognition in Unilateral Labyrinthectomized Mice
Thanh Tin Nguyen, Gi-Sung Nam, Jin-Ju Kang, Gyu Cheol Han, Ji-Soo Kim, Marianne Dieterich, Sun-Young Oh
Frontiers in Neurology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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마우스 공간지각과 기억 형성에 미치는 전정 유래 정보의 규명
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Mi Joo Kim, Minbum Kim, Gyu Cheol Han
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Received November 5, 2018 Accepted December 3, 2018 Published online December 3, 2018
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[Accepted]
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Abstract
- Objectives
: We aimed to study the role of vestibular input on spatial memory performance in mice that had undergone bilateral surgical labyrinthectomy, SCC occlusion and 4G hypergravity exposure.
Methods
: ICR mice(n=30) were used for the experiment. The experimental group divided into 3 groups. One group had undergone bilateral chemical labyrinthectomy, and the other group had performed SCC occlusion surgery and the last group was exposed to 4G hypergravity for two weeks. The movement of mice were recorded using camera in Y maze which had 3 radial arms. We counted the number of visiting arms and analyzed the information of arm selection using program we developed before and after procedure.
Results
: The bilateral labyrinthectomy group which semicircular canal & otolithic function was impaired showed low behavioral performance and spacial memory. The semicircular canal occlusion with CO2 laser group which only semicircular canal function was impaired showed no difference in performance activity and spatial memory. However the hypergravity exposure group in which only otolithic function impaired showed spatial memory function was affected but the behavioral performance was spared. The impairment of spatial memory recovered after a few days after exposure in hypergravity group.
Conclusion
: This spatial memory function was affected by bilateral vestibular loss. Space-related information processing seems to be determined by otolithic organ information rather than semicircular canals. Due to otolithic function impairment, spatial learning was impaired after exposure to gravity changes in animals and this impaired performance was compensated after normal gravity exposure.
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Multicenter Randomized Study on the Efficacy of Isosorbide in Patients with Mèniére's Disease
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Hyun Woo Park, Won Ho Chung, Sung Huhn Kim, Kyu Sung Kim, Jong Woo Chung, Sung Won Chae, Ja Won Koo, Bo Gyung Kim, Eui Kyung Goh, Gyu Cheol Han
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Res Vestib Sci. 2016;15(2):44-50. Published online June 15, 2016
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Abstract
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- Objective: Mèniére's disease is one of the most common causes of episodic vestibular syndrome that shows symptom complexes of recurrent vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus and ear fullness. Isosorbide (Isobide) is a osmotic diuretics which has been used for Meniere's disease to reduce the endolymphatic pressure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of isosorbide in the treatment of Mèniére's disease by comparing the combined therapy of isosorbide and betahistine (Meniace) to betahistine only.
Methods
Among 220 patients enrolled with Mèniére's disease from 9 centers, 187 patients completed this clinical study. Patients were randomly subjected either to betahistine alone therapy at dose of 6 mg three times a day (n=97) or to combined therapy with isosorbide (dose of 30 mL three times a day) and betahistine (n=90) for 12 weeks. Two groups were compared at 4 and 12 weeks after treatment on frequency of vertigo, hearing level (pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry), electocochleography (ECoG), tinnitus (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, THI) and quality of life (Korean functional level scale, Korean dizziness handicap inventory).
Results
During first 4 weeks after treatment, the frequency of vertigo was not reduced in either betahistine alone therapy group or combined therapy group. However, between 8 and 12 weeks, the frequency of vertigo was significantly reduced in either group, and in the combined group frequency of vertigo was more significantly reduced than in the betahistine alone therapy group (p=0.041). The hearing level, ECoG, tinnitus and quality of life was not significantly different between two groups.
Conclusion
Isosorbide and betahistine combined therapy were more effective for vertigo control than betahistine alone therapy. Isosorbide is an effective diuretic in vertigo control in definite Mèniére's disease.
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Complicated Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: Atypical, Multi-Canal, and Transitional Type
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Gyu Cheol Han
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Res Vestib Sci. 2013;12:S82-S84. Published online June 1, 2013
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Abstract
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- Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is diagnosed when vertigo and typical nystagmus are elicited by the positional maneuvers. Otherwise, the others unexplainable nystagmus beyond the typical form was called “atypical form” BPPV. The reports of atypical form in BPPV have been decreased according to expansion of knowledge or experience about various BPPV. Atypical BPPV include the switch or transitional, bilateral, and multi-canal type BPPV. Recently those complicated BPPV have been investigated by 3D video nystagmography and high resolution magnetic resonance image. Although we could not fully understand the etiology and pathophysiology of BPPV, These efforts to define the atypical BPPV should be helpful to grow up background knowledge of physician.
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